Researchers conducted a comprehensive security analysis of 77 wireless OBD-II dongles available on Amazon in the U.S. In 2019 the results identified five different types of vulnerabilities, four of which were recently discovered. Each of the 77 dongles had at least two types of flaws. A dongle is any type of adapter or key that, in this case, plugs into a vehicle’s OBD-II socket to provide extra functionality. Those offered in e-commerce stores are usually combined with an app on the cell phone in such a way that they allow extra information to be obtained from the car, directly on the phone’s screen.